*Article* **Breakdown at Multiple Protrusions in SF6 and CO2**

### **Odd Christian Feet 1, Martin Seeger 2,\*, Daniel Over 2, Kaveh Niayesh 3 and Frank Mauseth 3**



Received: 7 July 2020; Accepted: 19 August 2020; Published: 27 August 2020

**Abstract:** The electric breakdown at single and multiple protrusions in SF6 and CO2 is investigated at 0.4 and 0.6 MPa, respectively. Additionally, the breakdown fields at rough surfaces of two different areas were determined. From the measurements, breakdown probability distributions for single protrusions were determined and fitted by Weibull distributions. This allowed the determination of statistical enlargement laws for the 50% breakdown probability fields E50. Such enlargement laws describe, for example, the scaling of breakdown field with electrode area or number of protrusions. The predictions were compared to the experimental data, and both agreemen<sup>t</sup> and discrepancies were observed depending on polarity and number of protrusions and gas. Discharge predictions including first electron, streamer inception and crossing, as well as leader propagation, gave further insight to this. It was found that predictions from enlargement laws based on statistical processes may not describe the measured breakdown fields well and that relevant physical breakdown criteria must also be considered.

**Keywords:** gaseous breakdown; SF6; CO2; surface roughness; statistical enlargement laws
