*7.2. Management-Based Factors*

Altering the physical environment may reduce the heat load on animals. For instance, provision of shade will reduce heat gain from solar radiant heat gain; in shipping this is only of relevance where there are open decks and animals may be exposed to direct sunlight. Radiant heat gain from hot metal infrastructure may maintain temperatures so there is little respite for animals housed within; there are currently limited options for cooling the ships other than wetting with cooler water [52].
