*3.1. Data Used*

In this work, one satellite image from USGS (earthexplorer.usgs.gov; Table 1) was used to extract Land Surface Temperature (LST) in Zhengzhou city. The Landsat 8 image was selected from a collection of summer images obtained between May and September in an attempt best considering the LCZ of the study area. It is cloud-free and has high quality with a resolution up to 30 meters. In conjunction with the satellite image, we also employed additional base maps obtained from high-resolution Google Earth images, low altitude UAV images, and the official urban land use map of Zhengzhou city.



**\*** Native resolution was 100 m, TIRS thermal constant of band 10: K1 = 774.89; K2 = 1321.08.
