*1.4. Structure of the Paper*

Section 2 explains what the model calculates and in what steps. First, the method and core assumptions are presented. The modelling starts from a formula for calculating the TCO, and that formula is used to identify which intermediate variables influences the total cost. In Section 3, the parameters which are used to describe the bus route and timetable are presented, as are the basic cost parameters. Section 4 then shows how the intermediate variables can be calculated from the parameters for the route and timetable. The explanations of the charging strategies, and some assumptions related to them, are also found in Section 4, as deriving the model is closely linked to the explanation of the charging strategies. In Section 5, an analysis of end-stop-charged buses is presented, with the aim of explaining the mechanisms which influence the cost of running a route and how different types of routes and timetables influences their TCO. This analysis is intended to demonstrate what the model can be used for, rather than providing cost results which can be used for any bus route. Finally, Section 6 summaries the main findings in the paper, followed by a critical assessment and comparison with other studies. The very last part then focuses on how the paper contributes to the research community, and on recommended further work.
