**1. Introduction**

Under the Paris Agreement signed in 2016, nine countries pledged to cut the world's emissions by 2030. Transportation is the second-highest contribution to worldwide emissions, and it is expected to increase 60% by 2050 in the absence of mitigation measures [1]. To meet emission reduction goals, it is essential to expedite the adaptation of electric vehicles (EVs), which are currently being promoted to replace conventional vehicles, thus taking the EV market to a new level [2]. The success of this transition depends on the ability to provide adequate EV charging stations, which, in turn, must provide adequate power for the charging demands of EVs' batteries. It is anticipated that the increasing rate of EVs will lead to a high electricity demand burden on the power grid.
