*4.1. The Test Area Description*

To study the proposed assessment approach, a distribution network in an urban area located in Ahmadi, Kuwait, was considered. This section describes this base case study for the power system analysis. Kuwait has an area of 17,818 km2 with borders of about 195 km located along the Arabian Gulf (Figure 3).

**Figure 3.** Illustration of Kuwait and Ahmadi city.

Ahmadi city is located 42 km south of Kuwait City and covers an area of 60 km2. This is a residential area for Kuwait Oil Company employees. The company provides housing, along with facilities and vehicles, and the residents of this area have a higher than average income. Therefore, the possibility of their owning EVs in the future may be higher than others in the country, which may be provided by the company or purchased using their own income. Therefore, analyzing the impact of EVs on this area is essential to promoting the first transition to EVs in Kuwait in the near future.
