**5. Conclusions**

The main objective of this paper was to discuss the ways in which human enhancement technologies such as Brain/Neural Computer Interfaces and robotics have a bearing on theoretical and methodological issues in philosophy. This is important, because the way we theorize and conceive of the mind's features during the process of building new technologies has an impact on normative discourse and practice. A deep understanding of how our mind perceives, thinks, and acts is not to be achieved just by means of one approach, which objectifies the mind. What we do need is an integrating perspective among the competing approaches. The feeling of being the owner of the action is just one successful area of investigation, which can benefit from different approaches and grow into a reliable

account of our sense of agency, which can be enhanced in the presence of technical artifacts interacting with the body and the environment. In this sense, it is important to protect this symbiosis and prevent, control and monitor misuse, dual-use, and other non-intended applications, so that the benefits are not outweighed by the damages. The exploitation of the technological artifacts, their moral status, and their ethical governance are able to provide new understanding on aspects of the mind, such as the notions of self, agency, and responsibility.

**Funding:** This research was funded by the Institute of Law, Politics, and Development. Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy. Visiting and External Faculty Fellows 2020–2021 for the Strategic Project on "Governance for Inclusive Societies".

**Conflicts of Interest:** The author declares no conflict of interest.
