*Article* **A High-Performance Spectral-Spatial Residual Network for Hyperspectral Image Classification with Small Training Data**

#### **Wijayanti Nurul Khotimah 1,\*, Mohammed Bennamoun 1, Farid Boussaid 2, Ferdous Sohel 3 and David Edwards 4**


Received: 13 August 2020; Accepted: 21 September 2020; Published: 24 September 2020

**Abstract:** In this paper, we propose a high performance Two-Stream spectral-spatial Residual Network (TSRN) for hyperspectral image classification. The first spectral residual network (sRN) stream is used to extract spectral characteristics, and the second spatial residual network (saRN) stream is concurrently used to extract spatial features. The sRN uses 1D convolutional layers to fit the spectral data structure, while the saRN uses 2D convolutional layers to match the hyperspectral spatial data structure. Furthermore, each convolutional layer is preceded by a Batch Normalization (BN) layer that works as a regularizer to speed up the training process and to improve the accuracy. We conducted experiments on three well-known hyperspectral datasets, and we compare our results with five contemporary methods across various sizes of training samples. The experimental results show that the proposed architecture can be trained with small size datasets and outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in terms of the Overall Accuracy, Average Accuracy, Kappa Value, and training time.

**Keywords:** hyperspectral image classification; two stream residual network; deep learning; Batch Normalization
