*2.6. SEM Crystal Characterization*

The membrane pieces with precipitated solids, after being triply rinsed with deionized water and air dried at 20–25 ◦C, were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM, TM-3030, Hitachi, Japan). The sample examinations by SEM were done at 15 kV accelerating voltage in a Charge-Up Reduction Mode with crystal phase located on a Conducting Double-Sided Tape and the working distance of 4.1 mm.
