2.2.1. General Framework

The flexible load aggregator is an organic combination of multiple types of flexible loads. Through the energy managemen<sup>t</sup> center, it participates in power grid operations and market transactions as a stakeholder. Flexible load aggregators determine the optimal bidding curve by maximizing their own interests. Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of flexible load aggregators participating in the market composed of electric vehicles, temperature-controlled loads and distributed energy storage as typical flexible loads. The classification of flexible loads is conducive to the precise control of the power managemen<sup>t</sup> department and to the flexible role of flexible loads. The framework of the market clearing and safety checking method in this paper is shown in Figure 3.

**Figure 2.** Diagram of flexible load aggregators participating in the market.

**Figure 3.** Market clearing and safety checking framework that considers the flexible load.
