2.2.2. Instruments

The theoretical portion of this study was primarily implemented through the selection and systematization of literature relating to regeneration and the role of traditional public space in the context of socio-spatial sustainability, as well as the application of the concept of creative urban design and the case study analysis.

The conducted survey used a Semantic Differential questionnaire, which contained a list on a seven-point scale (−3, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3) between bipolar contrasting pairs and a neutral zero point [65,66]. The visual factor used 8 contrasting pairs, and there were 6 pairs each for tactile and auditory factors. A total of 20 contrasting pairs and 36 semantic scales were used in the study. Table 1 shows the factors used for the street evaluation, including the bipolar contrasting pairs.


**Table 1.** Factors and bipolar adjectives for street evaluation in Mirkova Varoš, Podgorica.

For each of the 12 streets in the study, we surveyed 15 architecture students and 15 area users. Recognizing the benefits of the "walking interview" methodology [67–69], the questionnaire was conducted directly in the specific street space that was subjected to the study, in order to gain precise and holistic results from the survey, including the observer's peripheral perceptions (such as experience). The data processing method was the arithmetic mean, and the results obtained with the semantic

di fferential scales served to define the objective criteria as the input data for the realization of the creative urban design process.
