**4. Conclusions**

The charging of the blast furnace directly affects the burden distribution in the throat, which influences the gas distribution in the shaft of the furnace. Adjusting the charging can improve the distribution of gas flow, increase the gas utilization efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and prolong the life of the furnace.

In this paper, with the help of computer technology, a mathematical model of the charging system was developed, composed of the trajectory of burden flow, burden profile, burden layer structure, and burden distribution evaluation. Serial cases were used to test the mathematical model's sensitivity. After noise removal and feature extraction, radar data of the burden profile was combined with the mathematical model to improve the accuracy of the model. A 2D view was obtained by combining the mathematical model and the radar data to visualize the charging, burden distribution, radar data, mathematical model, and relative equipment state. Based on the data from a blast furnace, the software was found to be more consistent than the present state-of-the-art tools used at the plant and ran smoothly to help the operation of the furnace.

**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, M.L. and Y.Y.; methodology, M.L., H.W. and Y.Y.; software, M.L.; validation, Y.Y.; formal analysis, H.W. and Y.Y.; investigation, M.L. and Y.Y.; resources, G.X. and Y.Y.; data curation, Y.G. and G.X.; writing—original draft preparation, M.L. and Y.G.; writing—review and editing, H.W. and Y.Y.; visualization, M.L.; supervision, G.X. and Y.Y.; project administration, G.X. and Y.Y.; funding acquisition, Y.Y. All authors have read and agree to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** We gratefully acknowledge financial support from The Program for Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar) at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning (No.TP2015039), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51974182), National 111 project, Grant/Award No.17002 and Jinheng information technology in Nanjing.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.
