*Article Aniba rosaeodora* **(Var. amazonica Ducke) Essential Oil: Chemical Composition, Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Antitrypanosomal Activity**

**Amanda Mara Teles 1, João Victor Silva-Silva 2, Juan Matheus Pereira Fernandes 2, Kátia da Silva Calabrese 2,\*, Ana Lucia Abreu-Silva 3, Silvio Carvalho Marinho 4, Adenilde Nascimento Mouchrek 5, Victor Elias Mouchrek Filho 5 and Fernando Almeida-Souza 2,3,\***


**Abstract:** *Aniba rosaeodora* is one of the most widely used plants in the perfumery industry, being used as medicinal plant in the Brazilian Amazon. This work aimed to evaluate the chemical composition of *A. rosaeodora* essential oil and its biological activities. *A. rosaeodora* essential oil presented linalool (93.60%) as its major compound. The *A. rosaeodora* essential oil and linalool showed activity against all the bacteria strains tested, standard strains and marine environment bacteria, with the lower minimum inhibitory concentration being observed for *S. aureus*. An efficient antioxidant activity of *A. rosaeodora* essential oil and linalool (EC50: 15.46 and 6.78 μg/mL, respectively) was evidenced by the inhibition of the 2,2-azinobis- (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical. The antitrypanosomal activity of *A. rosaeodora* essential oil and linalool was observed at high concentrations against epimatigote forms (inhibitory concentration for 50% of parasites (IC50): 150.5 ± 1.08 and 198.6 ± 1.12 μg/mL, respectively), and even higher against intracellular amastigotes of *T. cruzi* (IC50: 911.6 ± 1.15 and 249.6 ± 1.18 μg/mL, respectively). Both *A. rosaeodora* essential oil and linalool did not exhibit a cytotoxic effect in BALB/c peritoneal macrophages, and both reduced nitrite levels in unstimulated cells revealing a potential effect in NO production. These data revealed the pharmacological potential of *A. rosaeodora* essential oil and linalool, encouraging further studies.

**Keywords:** rosewood; linalool; marine bacteria; ABTS; *Trypanosoma cruzi*; cytotoxicity; nitrite; nitric oxide
