2.3.5. Evaluation

Thirty percent of the ground-truth data was used to evaluate the classification result in terms of mangrove extent, age, and species classifications. We used descriptive and analytical statistical techniques, in which accuracies of individual categories were computed by calculating confusion matrices, user and producer accuracies, and multivariate technique of Kappa statistics for each classification [70,71]. As we conducted the field survey for only 2019, the unsupervised mangrove extents using Landsat-X was evaluated for this year. This means that we cannot assume the same accuracy for other unsupervised classifications, particularly as there is likely to be more errors in years where the spatial resolution of the RS datasets degrades (e.g., 1975, etc.). The supervised classifications were implemented separately; however, we used the same ground-truth data for each image classifier in order to compare results between them. The results of all evaluations are summarized and presented in Section 3.5.
