*2.7. Phylogeny*

The phylogenetic tree based on available chloroplast genomes of 15 Lentibulariaceae specimens is shown in Figure 9. Both maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) trees exhibited identical phylogenetic topologies, and support values (bootstrap for ML and posterior probabilities for BI) are 100% for all clades. The Lentibulariaceae is known to be monophyletic, and *Pinguicula* is a sister clade to *Utricularia*-*Genlisea*. The results show that the *Utricularia* genus is monophyletic and the three *U. amethystina* are closely related to *U. reniformis*. Also, the *U. amethystina* yellow is sister to purple, with white as having the same common ancestor (Figure 9).

**Figure 9.** Bayesian inference tree for available Lentibulariaceae chloroplast genomes and studied *Utricularia amethystina*. The values above branches denote the posterior probabilities and below maximum likelihood bootstrap. The branch colors correspond to each *U. amethystina* morphotype flower color. (*G*. = *Genlisea*; *P*. = *Pinguicula*; *U*. = *Utricularia*). The scale represents the expected changes per site.
