**5. Conclusion**

In summary, this study explored associations between short-term exposure to ambient air pollutants and TB incidence in Wuhan city, China, during the 2015–2016 period. We found that the impact of air pollutants on tuberculosis was greatest at the 7th day's lag, and PM2.5, PM10, and O3 were significantly associated with an increased risk of TB. Considering that the health impacts of air pollution and infectious disease are typically studied separately, the findings of this study not only add to the literature regarding the short-term e ffect of air pollution on TB but also help us to understand the mechanism of the interaction of air pollution and infectious disease. Future preventive e fforts against TB should consider the reduction of exposure to air pollution at the community or personal level.

**Author Contributions:** Data curation, L.T.; Formal analysis, S.D., T.Z., F.L., and X.L.; Resources, S.H., W.Y., and Z.Z.; Supervision, H.X.; Writing—original draft, S.L.; Writing—review & editing, Y.L. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** This work was supported by the National Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Grant of Wuhan University (Grant No.201810486113) and Research Fund of Hubei Health and Family Planning Commission (Grant No. WJ2017M139).

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
