*2.3. Spectroscopic and Characterization Measurements*

Fluorescence measurements were carried out using a Fluorolog 3 spectrofluorimeter (HORIBA Jobin Yvon IBH Ltd., Glasgow, UK), having double monochromators in excitation and emission, a temperature-controlled cuvette holder and Glan-Thompson polarizers. All fluorescence spectra were corrected for the instrumental response of the system. Absorption spectra were recorded in a Shimadzu UV-3600 Plus UV–Vis–NIR spectrophotometer (Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan).

The mean hydrodynamic diameter, zeta potential and polydispersity index of aqueous and solid magnetoliposomes (lipid concentration: 1 mM) were measured using a NANO ZS Malvern Zetasizer (Malvern Panalytical Ltd., Malvern, UK) dynamic light scattering (DLS) equipment at 25 ◦C, using a He-Ne laser of λ = 632.8 nm and a detector angle of 173◦. Five independent measurements were performed for each sample. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) images were obtained in a JEOL JEM 2010F microscope operating at 200 kV (JEOL Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) at C.A.C.T.I (Centro de Apoio Científico e Tecnolóxico á Investigación), Vigo, Spain. A conventional PAN'alytical X'Pert PRO (Malvern Panalytical Ltd., Malvern, UK) diffractometer was used for X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses, operating with CuKα radiation, in a Bragg–Brentano configuration. Magnetic measurements were performed at room temperature in a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) magnetometer (Quantum Design Inc., San Diego, CA, USA), using applied magnetic fields up to 5.5 T.
