*2.3. Vibration Testing Experiment of the LUAT System*

A vibration testing experiment is conducted to verify the designed LUAT system, as shown in Figure 6. The LUAT system is activated by ultrasonic power supply BP6140. Tuning the frequency of the power supply so that the LUAT system reaches the resonant frequency, 18,265 Hz, which outputs the largest amplitude of vibration. Laser displacement sensor KEYENCE LK-H020 (KEYENCE CORPORATION, Osaka, Japan) is used to measure the displacement of the tool tip installed at the end of the ladder horn. Figure 6d depicts the displacement of the measured system, the amplitude

can be calculated as around 12 µm. The result of the experiment verifies the structure design and the simulations of the LUAT system.

(a) Longitudinal ultrasonic assisted turning (LUAT) system

(c) Laser displacement sensor (d) Displacement of LUAT

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(b) Layout of displacement testing experiment

μ

**Figure 6.** Displacement testing experiment. (**a**) longitudinal ultrasonic assisted turning (LUAT) system; (**b**) layout of displacement testing experiment; (**c**) laser displacement sensor; (**d**) displacement of LUAT.
