• For silver nanoparticles

To make an ethanol and silver nanofluids suspension, the density of silver is 10,490 kg·m−3, heat capacity is 233 J/Kg m and thermal conductivity is 429 W·m−1·K<sup>−</sup>1. The mathematical expressions can be written as:

$$\left(\overline{\rho}\_{nf}\right)\_{\text{ethanol/silver}} = 789(1 - \phi) - 10490\phi \tag{41}$$

$$\left(\overline{\mu}\_{nf}\right)\_{\text{ethanol/silver}} = 1.074 \left(1.013 + 0.092\phi - 0.015\phi^2\right) \tag{42}$$

$$(\overline{\rho}C\_P)\_{\text{ethanol/silver}} = (2500)(789)(1 - \phi) - (233)(10490)\phi \tag{43}$$

$$\left(\overline{k}\_{\rm nf}\right)\_{\rm ethanol/silver} = 0.0235(1.0204 + 0.0249\,\phi)\tag{44}$$
