2.1.3. Anticancer Activity of Nanoparticles

Husseiny et al. [79] reported the antibacterial and antitumor potential of AgNPs synthesized from *Fusarium oxysporum*. The nanoparticles were effective to inhibit *E. coli* and *S. aureus*, and also a tumor cell line. A low IC50 value (121.23 µg cm−<sup>3</sup> ) for MCF-7 cells (human breast adenocarcinoma) was gained following exposure of the cells to the nanoparticles, indicating high cytotoxicity and the potential for tumor control. The effect was recognized by the involvement of the AgNPs in the disruption of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, which led to the production of reactive oxygen species and hindered the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), consequently damaging the nucleic acids.

Clarance et al. [60] explored the anticancer potential of the AuNPs obtained by the green synthesis method using an endophytic strain *Fusarium solani* ATLOY—8 isolated from *Chonemorpha fragrans*. The AuNPs were tested for their cytotoxicity on cervical cancer cells (He La) and human breast cancer cells (MCF-7); the NPs exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxic effects. The results delivered an apparent and versatile biomedical application for a safer chemotherapeutic agent with little systemic toxicity.
