*4.8. Food Packaging and Preservation*

Biocompatible fabricated zinc NPs might be efficiently applied in the biomedical and food packaging fields. The potential antimicrobial action of mushroom against many foodborne bacteria, such as *Escherichia coli*, *Streptococcus faecalis*, *Bacillus subtilis*, *Micrococcus luteus*, and *Listeria innocua* could be considered as a boon for the food industry since, by using metal NPs, the contamination of foodstuffs can be avoided, besides for long-time preservation [55,111].

#### **5. Conclusions**

Nanomaterials derived from oyster mushrooms have been found to possess great potential over a wide range of applications, especially in the biomedical field. In the present review, we discussed the progress of research, to date, on metal nanoparticles and other nanomaterials derived from oyster mushrooms, regarding their synthesis and applications, particularly in the areas of antimicrobial, larvicidal, antioxidant, anticancer, and catalysis. Generally, AgNPs derived from *Pleurotus* spp. have a higher synthesis and biomedical applications among mushrooms. The importance of derived nanoparticles is due to their unique characteristics, such as cost effective, crystalline nature, nanosize, and non-hazardous nature. Mainly there are two well-known methods of synthesis, i.e., intracellular and extracellular. It is noticed that nanomaterials derived from oyster mushrooms showed profound applications in the areas of biomedicine and catalysis, but some areas of research are needed to be addressed, which are as follows:

• To date, oyster mushroom derived NPs are not directly applied to the live samples. Hence, the progress can be made in this direction.


**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, P.B., K.A.A.-E., and K.K.; manuscript writing, K.B., A.S. (Anirudh Sharma); manuscript editing, N.T., S.B., A.K. (Anu Kalia), A.K. (Anil Kumar), A.S. (Ashwag Shami). Critical revising, P.B., K.A.A.-E., E.N., and K.K. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** This research was funded by the University of Hradec Kralove (Faculty of Science VT2019-2021) and Excellence project UHK.

**Acknowledgments:** We acknowledge the University of Hradec Kralove (Faculty of Science, VT2019-2021) and Excellence project UHK.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.
