**Nomenclature**




 (m3) γ

θ

ζ

η

a

b

c

d

e

f

*Greek symbols* specific heat ratio (−) Γ expansion ratiocrank angle (deg) ω angular velocityfuel chemical energy proportion in the exhaust gas (−) φ fuel air equivalentefficiency (−) χ mass fractionΠpressure ratio (−) *Subscripts* air i indicated ac air cooler in inlet af air filter is isentropic amb ambient lb lower bound act actual m motored brake out outlet bl blower p propeller/premixed compressor pe post exhaust cw cooling water ref reference comp compression s scavenging manifoldcomb combustion sur surging CD combustion duration sh shaft di ffusive scav scavenging exhaust manifold/engine/exhaust gas soc start of combustionell ellipse t turbine exp expansion tc turbocharger exh exhaust z cylinder fuel/fricative
