*2.5. Application in Practical Samples*

Subsequently, the practical application potential of the fluorescent aptasensor was evaluated by adding three different concentrations of OTA in actual wheat flour samples through standard addition methods to determine recovery rates. Table 2 shows that the recoveries determined in wheat flour samples were between 97.9% and 105%, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was lower than ±4.8%. In addition, the detected recovery of three wine samples was higher than 94% and the RSD in the range from 3.7% to 5.1%. The experimental results suggest that our approach may be an effective and convenient method for OTA detection in actual agricultural commodities, and may provide promising strategies for improving food quality and safety.

**Table 2.** Application of fluorescent aptamer sensor for OTA determination in wheat flour and red wine samples.


<sup>a</sup> The mean of three measurements. <sup>b</sup> RSD = The relative standard deviation.
