**5. Conclusions**

Perspectives for future research on medication in AN should include more specific phenotyping for psychological dimensions and comorbidities, also taking into account more somatic and anthropometric data, such as premorbid weight, body composition, nutritional and hormonal markers of undernutrition, so as to optimize the assessment of the efficacy of medication.

There is a need to make progress and develop innovative therapeutic strategies, especially for severe, chronic forms of AN with resistant psychiatric comorbidities, and for pre-pubertal AN patients with severe somatic prognosis, by targeting medication more efficiently through improved understanding of their etiopathogenic mechanisms [189,190]. A future perspective is to address the extreme heterogeneity within AN and to develop psychotropic treatments for the various clinical dimensions observed. We should develop new, more sensitive and specific biomarkers, especially for bone microarchitecture, because evaluating BMD is not sufficient to predict fracture risk. In addition, we need better-adapted techniques to measure the benefits of weight gain and nutritional status, including body composition analyses [176].

There are exciting perspectives for the development of transdisciplinary studies, based on well-defined and phenotyped sub-groups, including psychotherapeutic approaches and evaluating the impact of optimized refeeding modalities, hormone replacement, other somatic medications, or psychotropic drugs.

Studies should evaluate synergistic benefits of these combined interventions on a global perspective, including renutrition, cognitive functions, somatic, and psychic outcomes over prolonged follow-up periods.

**Supplementary Materials:** The following are available online at http://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/8/2/278/s1, Table S1: Selected studies concerning innovative hormonal medications for female patients with AN and/or hypothalamic amenorrhea.

**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, C.B., S.G., F.B.-P. and N.G.; methodology, C.B., S.G., and N.G.; validation, C.B., N.G., C.S. and S.G.; investigation, C.B., S.G., F.B.-P., M.-E.C., J.C., V.D., P.D., P.G., M.H.-G., S.I., J.L., B.S. and N.G.; resources, C.B., S.G., F.B.-P., M.-E.C., J.C., V.D., P.D., P.G., M.H.-G., J.L., B.S. and N.G; writing—original draft preparation, C.B., S.G., M.-E.C., F.B.-P., J.C., V.D., P.D., P.G., M.H.-G., S.I., J.L., B.S., C.S. and N.G.; writing—review and editing, C.B., S.G., N.G.; project administration, C.B., N.G.; funding acquisition, C.B., S.G., F.B.-P., V.D., S.I., J.L., B.S. and N.G.

**Funding:** This research was funded by French Federation Anorexia Bulimia for translation and publication fees.

**Acknowledgments:** To Angela Verdier for reviewing the English of this paper, and to Wayne Hodgkinson for his friendly participation.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors have no conflict of interest to report. Except: S Guillaume reported that he received funding as a consultant by Janssen, Otsuka and Lundbeck Compagnies. J. Léger is currently investigator in a clinical trial using growth hormone (GH) from Novo-Nordisk, has received support for travel to international meetings from several GH manufacturers (Ipsen, Merck, Novo Nordisk, Lilly), fees for lectures from Ipsen Pharma and Merck, and consulting fees from Sanofi Genzyme.
