*3.1. Material Characterization*

### 3.1.1. Wood Particles

Wood particle size distribution was evaluated using five sieve sizes: 1.19, 1.4, 1.7, 2.38, 2.8, and 3 mm. According to the results shown in Figure 1, 100% of the particles were less than 3 mm in size, and particles with a diameter of 1.7 mm make for the highest mass fraction (57%).

**Figure 1.** Particle size distribution of wood particles.

#### 3.1.2. Wood Ash
