**Heat Transfer Characteristics of High-Temperature Dusty Flue Gas from Industrial Furnaces in a Granular Bed with Buried Tubes**

#### **Shaowu Yin 1,2,\*, Feiyang Xue 1, Xu Wang 1, Lige Tong 1,2, Li Wang 1,2 and Yulong Ding 3**


Received: 1 June 2020; Accepted: 9 July 2020; Published: 11 July 2020

**Abstract:** Experimental heat transfer equipment with a buried tube granular bed was set up for waste heat recovery of flue gas. The e ffects of flue gas inlet temperature (1096.65–1286.45 K) and cooling water flow rate (2.6–5.1 m<sup>3</sup>/h) were studied through experiment and computational fluid dynamics' (CFD) method. On the basis of logarithmic mean temperature di fference method, the total heat transfer coe fficient of the granular bed was used to characterize its heat transfer performance. Experimental results showed that the waste heat recovery rate of the equipment exceeded 72%. An increase in the cooling water flow rate and inlet gas temperature was beneficial to recovering waste heat. The cooling water flow rate increases from 2.6 m<sup>3</sup>/<sup>h</sup> to 5.1 m<sup>3</sup>/<sup>h</sup> and the recovery rate of waste heat increases by 1.9%. Moreover, the heat transfer coe fficient of the granular bed increased by 4.4% and the inlet gas temperature increased from 1096.65 K to 1286.45 K. The recovery rate of waste heat increased by 1.7% and the heat transfer coe fficient of the granular bed rose by 26.6%. Therefore, experimental correlations between the total heat transfer coe fficient of a granular bed and the cooling water flow rate and inlet temperature of dusty gas were proposed. The CFD method was used to simulate the heat transfer in the granular bed, and the e ffect of gas temperature on the heat transfer coe fficient of granular bed was studied. Results showed that the relative error was less than 2%.

**Keywords:** heat transfer; waste heat recovery; dusty flue gas; granular bed; buried tubes
