LNCaP

LNCaP is a widely used human PCa cell line model. This cell line was developed in 1980 from a lesion in the left supraclavicular lymph node metastasis of human prostatic adenocarcinoma from a 50-year-old Caucasian male [94]. LNCaP cells are weakly adherent and slow-growing and have a doubling time of about 60-72 h. LNCaP cells express AR and PSA and exhibit a biphasic regulation of growth following androgen treatment [111]. These cells have a point mutation in AR (T877A) and express WT p53 [112,113]. These cells also harbor one mutated and other deleted alleles of *PTEN* [114]. Additionally, these cells are CK8, CK18, CK20, and vimentin-positive [115]. LNCaP cells require androgens to sustain their growth, but several derivative androgen-depletion resistant cell lines have been developed following slow and long-term androgen-deprivation or through their selection from mouse-xenograft tumors [116,117].
