*2.5. Scanning Electron Microscopy*

The observation the surface morphology pattern changes of the untreated and torrefied barley straw was conducted by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at the Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Athens, using an FEI INSPECT SEM equipped with an EDAX super ultra-thin window analyzer for energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS).
