2.2.2. Struvite Production

To verify the possibility of phosphate recovery via struvite precipitation, the following procedure was conducted:


The release rate and recovery rate for identifying the phosphate recovery performance were calculated as follows (sample ID presented in Figure 1):

$$\text{Release rate} = \frac{\text{m}\_{\text{HTL}-\text{X-SP}} - \text{m}\_{\text{NR}-\text{X-LP}}}{\text{m}\_{\text{HTL}-\text{X-SP}}} \times 100,\ [\text{\textdegreeo}] \tag{2}$$

$$\text{Recovery rate} = \frac{\left(\text{m}\_{\text{NR}-\text{X}-\text{LLP}} + \text{m}\_{\text{HTL}-\text{X}-\text{LP}}\right) - \text{m}\_{\text{NR}-\text{X}-\text{PLP}}}{\left(\text{m}\_{\text{NR}-\text{X}-\text{LLP}} + \text{m}\_{\text{HTL}-\text{X}-\text{LP}}\right)} \times 100, \text{ }[\text{\textdegree }] \text{.} \tag{3}$$

where m is the mass of phosphorus in the corresponding stream.
