**Lijun Chen \* and Xiaoliu Jiang**

Department of Psychology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences,

Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; psyjxl@126.com

**\*** Correspondence: qqkx159@126.com; Tel.: +86-0591-2286-6562

Received: 12 November 2019; Accepted: 10 January 2020; Published: 12 January 2020

**Abstract:** The primary aim of this study was to compare different screening tools for problematic internet pornography use (IPU) and identify the most accurate measure. The reliability and validity of three scales, namely, the Problematic Pornography Consumption Scale (PPCS), Problematic Pornography Use Scale (PPUS), and Short Internet Addiction Test Adapted to Online Sexual Activities(s-IAT-sex), were examined using three homogeneous groups, respectively. A total of 972 adults (mean age = 24.8) from 28 provinces/regions in China participated in the quantitative part (QUAN). The Brief Pornography Screener served as the reference standard. The PPCS demonstrated stronger reliability and validity, including criterion validity, as well as greater sensitivity and acceptable specificity; therefore, it was considered to be the more accurate screening instrument. In the qualitative part (QUAL), we interviewed 22 volunteers and 11 therapists (who had worked with individuals with problematic IPU) to examine their perspectives on the core features of problematic IPU and dimensions of the PPCS. Almost all the interviewees endorsed the structure of the PPCS. These findings encourage the use of the PPCS in future research studies and underscore its screening applications because of its ability to classify IPU as problematic or nonproblematic.

**Keywords:** problematic pornography use; internet pornography use; problematic pornography consumption scale; problematic pornography use scale; the short internet addiction test adapted to online sexual activities
