*4.5. Determination of Control and Optimal Product Properties* 4.5.1. Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity

The chemical composition was determined according to the Romanian and International standard methods and the results are reported to dry matter: moisture (SR EN ISO 712/2010), ash (SR ISO 2171/2002), protein (SR EN ISO 20483/2007) and lipids (SR 91/2007). TDF was determined by NIR (as described in Section 4.3.6) and the carbohydrates were calculated by difference.

The radical scavenging activity (%) was evaluated by using 2, 2-di (4-tert-octylphenyl)- 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The extract prepared as described in Section 4.3.5 (0.5 mL) was diluted with methanol 80% (0.5 mL) and mixed with 5 mL of DPPH. After resting 30 min in the darkness the absorbance was read at 517 nm on an UV–VIS–NIR Shimadzu 3600 (Tokyo, Japan) spectrophotometer [67].
