*7.6. Waste Management*

Many developing countries lack the infrastructure necessary to manage solid waste and sludge properly. Such toxic, foul-smelling waste is frequently dumped directly onto land or surrounding waterways in these areas, where it can threaten public health. For example, in China, more than 70 per cent of urban solid waste and sludge are landfilled or dumped—sometimes illegally. One alternative is a sludge-to-energy strategy [91,105].
