**Appendix A**

In Figure A1: the moment-rotation (Mn–θn) curves recorded for the beam-connector-upright assemblies containing type A beams in all tests carried out.

**Figure A1.** Moment-rotation (Mn–θn) curves recorded for the beam-connector-upright assemblies: (**a**) A-I-4L, (**b**) A-I-5L, (**c**) A-II-4L, (**d**)A-II-5L, (**e**) A-III-4L, and (**f**) A-III-5L.

In Figure A2, the moment-rotation (Mn–θn) curves recorded for the beam-connector-upright assemblies are shown, which contain type B beams in all tests carried out.

**Figure A2.** Moment-rotation (Mn–θn) curves recorded for the beam-connector-upright assemblies: (**a**) B-I-4L, (**b**) B-I-5L, (**c**) B-II-4L, (**d**) B-II-5L, (**e**) B-III-4L, and (**f**) B-III-5L.

In Figure A3, the moment-rotation (Mn–θn) curves recorded for the beam-connector-upright assemblies are shown, which contain type C beams in all tests carried out.

**Figure A3.** Moment-rotation (Mn–θn) curves recorded for the beam-connector-upright assemblies: (**a**) C-I-4L, (**b**) C-I-5L, (**c**) C-II-4L, (**d**) C-II-5L, (**e**) C-III-4L, and (**f**) C-III-5L.
