**2. Materials and Methods**


The study was conducted in three countries: Brazil, Malawi and Pakistan. We chose these three countries due to their spread across three continents, the cultural diversity, the feasibility of conducting assessments in both low- and middle-income and rural and urban settings and the availability and interest of the country teams to work with us within a limited time scale. In each country, caregivers of babies and infant children were approached for participation in varying ways depending on the setting.

