*2.1. System Description*

As mentioned in the previous chapter, the cancellation signal occurs in multi-PV operation. To simplify, an operation system with two PVs is used for analysis, as shown in Figure 1.

**Figure 1.** Cancellation testing system.

Figure 2 shows the diagram of the system under analysis. This system consists of a 100 kW PV array, output capacitor *C*, DC/DC converter with maximum power point tracking (MPPT), and islanding detection program. The DC load is shown as an equivalent resistance and the DC bus is modeled as a constant voltage source. The specifications of the PV module are listed in Table 1. The inverter is used to connect the AC and DC grids. A VSC controller is modeled as a voltage source converter (VSC-detail model) to regulate the DC bus voltage (keep stable at 500 V).

**Table 1.** Specifications of SunPower SPR-305E-WHT-D (SunPower, San Jose, CA, USA) PV module.


The sampling time is *<sup>T</sup><sup>s</sup>* = 5 <sup>×</sup> <sup>10</sup>−<sup>5</sup> . The simulation time is 2 s and the simulation is performed with the two following steps:


**Figure 2.** System model under analysis.
