*4.1. Dataset*

The proposed method is evaluated on the PLAID dataset [30] that contains aggregate voltage and current measurements. The PLAID aggregated measurement data include measurements of more than one concurrently running appliances sampled at 30 kHz. It includes 1478 aggregated activations and deactivations for 12 different appliances measured at one location. Since we are interested in recognizing multiple active appliances, we only select activations and deactivations with at least one running appliance in the background resulting in 1154 samples. The distribution of the number of active appliances and appliances on the extracted 1154 activations is depicted in Figure 7.

**Figure 7.** (**a**) Active appliances distributions. (**b**) Appliances distribution on the extracted 1154 activations. The soldering iron has large number of activations because it has two start-up events.
