*3.2. Municipalities Level*

The values of ULII at the level of municipalities show spatial differentiation. The highest ULII for a municipality varies between 0.46 (in WMA) and 0.66 (in US-ZM). It is worth noticing that in the case of the metropolitan areas with the highest ULII, i.e., US-ZM, RM and MAW, the municipalities with the highest ULII value (Swi ˛ ´ etochłowice for US-ZM, Herne for RM and Piastów for MAW) are not the biggest or main cities of the metropolitan areas (Supplementary Materials, Figure S1).

The medians of ULII in particular metropolitan areas vary between 0.17 (MAG-G-S, PMA, WMA) and 0.29 (USZM, RM) (Figure 6). The median is also high in the case of MAW (0.24). These values of median are typical of rural types of landscape. The values of ULII in the interquartile range in US-ZM, LMA, MAW and RM are typical of rural and transitional types of landscape. In other metropolitan areas, all values of ULII in the interquartile range are typical of rural types of landscape.

**Figure 6.** The distribution of the values of ULII on the municipalities level.

The values of ULII in the interquartile range are low. The distribution of values of ULII is characterized by right asymmetry, which means that the municipalities with lower values of ULII are dominant. The highest ULII were noted in US-ZM (0.66—Swi ˛ ´ etochłowice), RM (0.65—Herne) and MAW (0.65—Piastów). Municipalities characterised by urban landscape (ULII > 0.5) are located in five metropolitan areas: MAW (7 municipalities: Piastów, Legionowo, Pruszków, Mi ´nsk, Mazowiecki, Z ˛abki and Warszawa), RM (6 municipalities: Herne, Gelsenkirche, Oberhausen, Bochum, Essen and Duisburg), US-ZM (5 municipalities: Swi ˛ ´ etochłowice, Chorzów, Siemianowice Sl ˛ ´ askie, Sosnowiec and Bytom), MAG-G-S (4 municipalities: Malbork, Pruszków Gda ´nski, Puck and Tczew), and PMA (Lubo ´n and Ko´scian) (Figure S1). The other municipalities are typical of transitional and rural types of landscape. In turn, the lowest ULII are 0.11–0.14. Only US-ZM stands alone in terms of having the lowest ULII value (0.17 in Zbrosławice) (Figure S1). These low values of ULII occur in municipalities located in the outskirts of metropolitan areas. The lowest values of ULII (0.11) are in Jordanów Sl ˛ ´ aski and Domaniów, in WMA, and in Lichnowy, in MAG-G-S (Figure S1).

The highest differentiation of ULII in the interquartile range occurs in RM, MAW and US-ZM. A large differentiation also occurs in LMA and MAG-G-S. The other metropolitan areas are characterized by higher similarities of ULII values in the interquartile range. The highest values of ULII in the interquartile range occur in municipalities in US-ZM and RM. MAW also stands out on this score.

In the spatial analysis of the ULII distribution for municipalities, RM and US-ZM clearly stand out. For both areas, the municipalities with high values of ULII are arranged in a wide strip with an east–west direction. The values of ULII are diversified. In addition, in MAW the municipalities are differentiated but the structure is concentric with stellar features. The highest values of ULII are located beyond the center. Other metropolitan areas also have a concentric character. For KMA, LMA and WMA, the highest ULII is present in the main cities. In WMA, the main city (Wrocław) is dominated by municipalities of a low value of ULII with the exception of Ole´snica and Oława (Figure S1). PMA and OMG-G-S also have a concentric character, but the highest values of ULII are in a few small cities spread across the area (Figure 7).

**Figure 7.** The values of ULII in the municipalities.

The spatial structure of the urban–rural area is differentiated (Figure 8). It should be emphasized that the urban type occupies small parts of metropolitan areas. The largest area of the urban type is present in RM and takes up only 18.74% of the space. Urban type municipalities form a core of 6 municipalities there (Bochum, Herne, Gelsenkirchen, Essen, Oberhausen, Duisburg) (Figure S1). US-ZM has a similar structure of types of municipalities. The urban core (9.11%) is also formed by several cities (Sosnowiec, Siemianowice Sl ˛ ´ askie, Swi ˛ ´ etochłowice, Chorzów and Bytom, Figure S1). In the case of MAW, the urban areas of Warsaw city are almost surrounded by transitional types. In PMA, MAG-G-S, KMA, WMA and LMA, the biggest cities are of the transitional type. Moreover, in KMA, LMA and WMA the urban type of municipality is not present at all. WMA, PMA and MAG-G-S have the most rural areas (above 90% of this type). Between municipalities which form wide rural areas, there are also a few urban ones. The main city (WMA) or the main city with the neighboring municipalities (KMA and LMA) form a transition zone surrounded by a rural zone with individual municipalities of the transitional type.

**Figure 8.** Types of landscape in municipalities in accordance with ULII.
