**4. Conclusions**

Here, cookies were made with seed defatted flour (flax, sesame, chia, and poppy), a byproduct of the oil extraction industry. From a physical point of view, all the cookies made showed a similar behavior when baked, with no clear differences regarding spread factor. The color of the cookies was greatly influenced by the color of the flour, resulting in darker cookies when chia and poppy flours were used. Regarding texture, seed defatted flour cookies showed a higher tendency to crumble, while wheat cookies had a more elastic behavior.

The use of flax, sesame, chia, and poppy defatted flours improves the nutritional properties of cookies, with an increase in protein, fiber, and fat content, but with a decrease in total carbohydrates. From a sensory point of view, the cookies elaborated with flax and sesame defatted flours showed similar values to those of the wheat cookies used as a control on all of the parameters evaluated (color, odor, taste, texture, appearance, and global acceptability). Chia and poppy cookies showed lower values, especially poppy cookies, which yielded values lower than 5 for odor and taste.

All these data sugges<sup>t</sup> that seed defatted flours are an interesting ingredient for improving the nutritional characteristics of cookies, although in the case of chia and poppy, other ingredients, mainly other fats, should be included to improve sensory attributes.

**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, M. Á.-O. and J.E.P.; methodology, E.M., R.G.-M. and A.P.- G.; validation, M. Á.-O. and J.E.P.; formal analysis, A.P.-G. and A.R.; investigation, E.M. and R.G.-M.; data curation, M. Á.-O.; writing—original draft preparation, M. Á.-O.; writing—review and editing, A.R., A.P.-G. and J.E.P.; visualization, M. Á.-O.; funding acquisition, J.E.P. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** This research was funded by Castilla-La Mancha Regional Government (FEDERSB-PLY/19/180501/000047).

**Institutional Review Board Statement:** Not applicable.

**Informed Consent Statement:** Not applicable. **Data Availability Statement:** Data available on request.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.
