**3. Results and Discussion**

### *3.1. Subsection ANOVA of Wear Rate*

Table 5 illustrates the result of ANOVA for wear rate. From the table, it can be seen that the linear correlation selected for wear rate had a *p*-value prob > *F* less than 0.0001, which denotes excellent goodness of fit. The influencing factors were selected to account for the response. The value of adequate precision was 22.514, much greater than 4, indicative of high resolution to input variations. The coefficient of determination *R*<sup>2</sup> was 0.9719, showing that the model fitted the experimental results well. The value of adjusted *R*<sup>2</sup> and predicted *R*<sup>2</sup> is 0.0297 [10,15], meaning that the established model had a good prediction capacity toward the input domain.


**Table 5.** Cladding efficiency variance analysis table.

From Table 5, it is apparent that the most significant factors influencing wear rate of the cladding layer were laser power and weight fraction of TiC (*p*-value < 0.001), followed by scanning speed. After ANOVA, the correlation between wear rate and process parameters was obtained, as depicted in Equation (2):

$$\begin{array}{rcl} \text{Wear Rate} &= 289.923 - 208.70062 \times LP + 14.03769 \times SS - 3.34365 \times PR \\ &+ 2.251141 \times LP \times PR - 0.18893 \times SS \times PR \end{array} \tag{2}$$
