**5. Experiments**

This section will verify the performance of the DL-TPCEA through experiments. First of all, the proposed dynamic convergence factor will be through a number of experiments to ge<sup>t</sup> an optimal equation. In addition, this paper will conduct an experimental analysis of the role of individual exploration in the whole evolutionary process. Finally, the performance of the DL-TPCEA is validated against several state-of-the-art algorithms.
