**3. Nivolumab in Daily Practice**

Patients likely to participate in clinical trials have to meet strictly defined, challenging criteria. Inclusion criteria usually only allow for the treatment of patients with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) 0–1, without significant comorbidities, and with normal laboratory results. However, in clinical practice, the population of pretreated patients with NSCLC is very diverse. Poor performance status (ECOG 2–3), brain metastases, liver metastases, and elderly age, as well as rapid disease progression after chemotherapy are the most common problems. Real-world data can be used to assess the efficacy of nivolumab in clinical practice. Some real-world data have recently been published, including those derived from the EAP, which made it possible for many patients to be treated before the medicine was reimbursed in their countries. In total, data regarding 4800 patients have been published.
