*3.5. Comparison of Liking with Explicit and Implicit Emotions*

The explicit and implicit emotions were examined using a linear regression model with overall liking as a response variable. The difference in regression coefficient and standard error for each explicit and implicit emotions were explained in Table 7. Model 1 shows the significant effect (*p* < 0.05) of explicit emotions on the overall liking of the energy drinks. The explicit emotions "good" and "satisfied" were positively related to overall liking with the regression coefficient values of 1.05 and 0.97, respectively. The explicit emotions "disgusted" and "surprised" were negatively related to overall liking with negative coefficients of −2.17 and −0.82, respectively. The relationship between the implicit emotions and overall liking were explained in Model 2. There was no significant effect (*p* > 0.05) of the emotions from the facial expressions on the overall liking of the samples. The implicit emotions "sadness" and "anger" were negatively associated with overall liking with the linear coefficient values of −23.67 and −43.63, respectively.


**Table 7.** A linear regression model \* for each emotion method using overall liking as the response variable.

\* Data points were fitted using a linear regression model with overall liking as the response variable. MSE represents the mean square error value. R<sup>2</sup> is the coefficient of determination of the regression models. \*\* Bold italicized values indicate that the parameter was significantly different from 0 (*p* < 0.05).
