**2. Materials and Methods**

The results of an online questionnaire survey were used. The survey was conducted after the emergency period (16 April–14 May 2020) of COVID-19 in Japan. During this period, residents were discouraged from going out of their houses and visiting places beyond prefectural borders, although the restrictions in the emergency declaration were not as stringent as lockdowns in other countries. The target site of the survey was Aichi Prefecture and its capital, Nagoya City, which includes one of the largest metropolitan areas and can be a representative case of an urban and rural interface connected with green area networks. The total number of respondents was 1244, with 47.6% females and 52.4% males; the ratio of elderly respondents over 60 years was 36.6%, and other five-year age groups had relatively similar ratios (7–11%), except the age group of 20–24 years (2.9%), which was the youngest age group. The online survey period was from 31 July–1 August 2020.

In the questionnaire, respondents were asked for the following information:


To compute the ratios of land use categories in zip code areas to analyze the environmental contexts of respondents, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) High-Resolution Land Use Data (2014–2016) (https://www.eorc.jaxa.jp/ALOS/en/lulc/lulc\_index.htm) were used. The resolution of data was a 30 m square grid, and it had 10 land use categories. Because the zip code areas were relatively small, especially in city centers, high-resolution data were used (Figure 1). To understand the ratios of land use categories, the ratios of urban areas, agricultural lands, and forest lands were computed. Nagoya City is a very dense urbanized area, and its environmental context is largely different from those of other municipalities. Considering these characteristics, the place of residence (whether in Nagoya City or not) was included in the environmental context data.

In the data analysis, the Chi-square and *t*-test were performed. The former test was applied to nominal data, and the latter test was applied to continuous data. The status and the change in frequency of access and use of green areas were nominal variables, and the Chi-square test was applied to the analysis of data on socioeconomic attributes, except for age and environmental contexts. Average values of age and ratios of individual land use categories were analyzed using a *t*-test.


**Figure 1.** Research site (Aichi Prefecture).

## **3. Results**
