**2. Study of Forest SWB across the Entire Yasu Watershed (Study 1)**

In the current study, a questionnaire survey was distributed among Japanese residents living in a region with a medium-sized watershed [36]. A watershed represents a natural unit for forest management in the country, as indicated by regional forest management plans being based on watershed units. This watershed was selected because it has a densely populated lower watershed and a less populated upper watershed, which is typical in Japan [37]. Furthermore, the watershed residents' characteristics are representative of the Japanese population in terms of familiarity with forests, occasions upon which they visited forests, and their needs, based on comparisons of a local questionnaire with national surveys [38].

The study site, the Yasu River watershed, is located in Shiga Prefecture near Kyoto in central Japan (Figure 1A–C). Table 3 presents the descriptions of this watershed.

(**B**) **Figure 1.** *Cont*.

(**C**)

**Figure 1.** (**A**) Map of the study site (green line indicates Shiga Prefecture). All maps were drawn using ArcGIS Pro. (**B**) Map of the study site (green line indicates Shiga Prefecture, and yellow dotted line indicates the Yasu River watershed). The shapefile for the Yasu River watershed was provided by Dr. Satoshi Asano. (**C**) Map of the study site (3D representation).
