**9. Conclusions**

In conclusion, Indigenous science and community-based sustainability education can be strategically applied to educate for the recreation of cultural economies around an Indigenous paradigm of sustainability. This begins by learning the history of your Indigenous way of sustainability and exploring ways to translate its principles into the present. There must be research into the practical ways to apply these Indigenous principles and knowledge in tandem with what is deemed useful from modern systems of knowledge and practice. Added to this, Indigenous people must revitalize, re-learn, or otherwise maintain their traditional environmental knowledge and add what is appropriate and relevant from other cultural knowledge traditions toward addressing their contemporary needs and the needs of their future generations. This can be accomplished through applying Indigenous communal strengths of resourcefulness, industriousness, collaboration, and cooperation. In addition, we must once again apply our collective and historical ability to integrate differences in our political organizations, forge alliances and confederations, and reintroduce our propensity for trade and exchange. We have ancient systems of extended family, clan, and tribal relationships that we can mobilize in positive ways to implement sustainable changes in our economies. We have developed modern political, social, and professional trade organizations, federations, associations, and societies which we can enlist in addressing the challenges which we now collectively face. In addition, we are evolving Indigenous critical studies, Indigenous theory, research methods, and pedagogy to assist us in these tasks. These are the critical areas of Indigenous education which must continue to be explored and operationalized toward the development and revitalization of Indigenous communities as we face the challenges of surviving the ecological, social, and political challenges of a climate-changed world.

A perennial question lingers in the air; the question is, "What kind of ancestor do you want to be?" This question was first posed by Anishinaabe elder, Michael Dahl in conversation with Winona La Duke, Indigenous activist and author, at her home on the White Earth reservation. This profound question calls us to bring forth ancient wisdom and generational ethics necessary for the survival and well-being of the human community. It also calls into question colonial overconsumption of earth's resources and domination of people globally that today threatens the viability of the earth's life-support systems [14]. As Indigenous Peoples, inherently and collectively, I think we know the answer to this question. What we must do now is act on it!

**Funding:** This research received no external funding.

**Acknowledgments:** This paper was presented at the international forum Climate Change, Indigenous Resilience and Local Knowledge Systems: Cross-time and Cross-boundary perspectives. Taipei, Taiwan, 13–15 December 2019.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The author declares no conflict of interest.
