*4.2. Social Resilience*

The elderly class is those who actually execute the Qutux Niqan of mutual assistance and symbiosis among the Wulai tribes. They can call for different groups to influence the internal social system as well as all attitudes and behaviors. Women's groups, youth organizations, hunters, and the elderly exert social resilience and endogenous actions during disasters. Through the Qutux Niqan, the tribes devised of labor. Women are responsible for the meals of the tribes, and some are responsible for food distribution, cooking, washing dishes, environmental organization, etc. As noted by Respondent B: "The Qutux Niqan is our traditional culture of IK, and we often share food with our relatives, friends, and tribal members in front of our house." Another important group is young people. During the period of providing disaster relief in Wulai, young people showed a lot of physical hard work in operating machines for rebuilding and removing soil and rocks that fell on the roads, whereas those who lived in the urban area set up supply teams to carry supplies back to the tribes on foot. Most important of all, the hunters who have IK were able to provide enough meat, fish, and other proteins by hunting to the local people (e.g., the hunter catch fish through the traditional method, as shown in Figure 4).

**Figure 4.** The hunter set up fish trap baskets in the stream to catch fish.

The Tayal people were also in contact with the tribes' churches and other social groups, requesting for supplies, such as the Presbyterian Church in Taiwan. The caring group was composed of pastors who visited the Lahaw and Fushan tribes in order to help meet their needs. Therefore, tribal social resilience was built in a joint cooperation through local people, indigenous people living elsewhere, and religious or social groups.
