*Article* **Adaptation to Extreme Hydrological Events by Javanese Society through Local Knowledge**

**Muhamad Khoiru Zaki 1, Keigo Noda 2,\*, Kengo Ito 2, Komariah Komariah 3, Sumani Sumani <sup>3</sup> and Masateru Senge <sup>4</sup>**


Received: 15 November 2020; Accepted: 10 December 2020; Published: 11 December 2020 -

**Abstract:** Understanding the effects of local knowledge on actions and decisions taken during a crisis is important; empirical studies and scientific data can be instructive to this end. This study integrated local knowledge (*Pranata Mangsa*) in Jawa, Indonesia, with scientific data on diurnal rainfall, extreme precipitation events, using the Local and Indigenous Knowledge System (LINKS). The results showed that *Pranata Mangsa* has informed aspects of agriculture including crop calendars, crop patterns, and farming activities, for over 1000 years in Jawa. *Pranata Mangsa* also enhances community resilience by mitigating the effects of extreme droughts; this finding was validated using scientific data.

**Keywords:** *Pranata Mangsa*; local and scientific knowledge; LINKS; community resilience
