**Tom Fish**

Department of Theatre and Performance Studies, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA 30144, USA; tfish2@kennesaw.edu

Received: 16 September 2019; Accepted: 12 November 2019; Published: 14 November 2019

**Abstract:** This paper considers Thomas Dekker and Philip Massinger's play *The Virgin Martyr* (1622) in light of scientific notions of the female body circulating during the period to illustrate how the performance of martyrdom manifested a performance of gender virtuosity, elevating it to the status of the supernatural or divine. Like well-known female martyrs from the period, such as Anne Askew, the protagonist, Dorothea, takes on characteristically male attributes: she assumes the role of the soldier and defies scientific understanding of the female gender by sealing her phlegmatic "leaky" body and exuding divine heat that defies her cold, wet "nature". The theatricality of gender reversals in the play, from Dorothea and other characters, illustrates how the act of martyrdom could be interpreted not only as a miraculous performance, a "witness" to the divine, but one built on sensational, seemingly impossible performances of gender.

**Keywords:** martyrdom; gender; drama; early modern; Jacobean; masculinity; virgin
