4.4.4. Animal Behavioral Test

Administration of apomorphine induced abnormal contralateral rotations in the PD model rats [44]. Amphetamine (2 mg/kg) was administered to the rats after four weeks. The rotation toward the side of injury was observed. For the control group, we injected 5 μL PBS in the unilateral brain substantia nigra area. The rat was placed into a 40 cm-diameter bowl, and the counterclockwise (contralateral) rotations were monitored. The image was recorded within 1.5 h to count the number of rotations, in which a circle is defined as a rotation of 270 ◦ of the rat's head. The damage was proportional to the number of rotations.
