*2.3. Statistical Analysis*

To examine the participants' characteristics, they were categorized into two groups (patients and quarantined persons) on the basis of their COVID-19 experience, and frequency analysis was performed. A chi-square test (χ2) was performed to test for differences in the presence or absence of COVID-19-related symptoms in patients, according to sex and age group, and an independent *t*-test was performed to test for differences between the groups of patients and quarantined persons in precautionary behavior practices, psychological states, and needs. Additionally, independent t-tests and analyses of variance (ANOVA) were performed to examine differences by sex and by age group across all participants. The statistical analyses were conducted using SAS software version 9.4 (SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA).
