*2.6. Active Musical Engagement*

This and the following two questionnaires were presented in two blocks, firstly with regard to the situation before the lockdown and then during the lockdown. The factor on 'active engagement' from the Gold-MSI [35,38] comprises nine items, measuring free time spent on musical activities, writing and reading about music, income spent on music, keeping track of new music, and openness to unfamiliar music as well as visited music events. Items were evaluated on a 7-point Likert scale from strongly disagree (1) to strongly agree (7). That means that this factor is built on a broad concept of being engaged with music not only focusing on music listening but excluding music making. Note that the question on visited live events was only evaluated in the questionnaire regarding before the lockdown. This was followed by a list of musical styles, asking the participants to choose the styles they normally/currently listen to.

#### *2.7. Attributes of Chosen Music*

Items were chosen from the three factors of (ascribed) musical emotions and attributes of music from Fricke and Herzberg (2017) [36]. From the first factor, the attributes reflective, emotional, and clever were chosen ("depth"). From the second factor, the attributes fast, energetic, and voice were chosen ("stimulative"). From the third factor, the attributes uplifting, cheerful/happy, rhythmical, and relaxing were chosen ("joy"). The attributes were evaluated on a 5-point Likert scale from disagree (1) to agree (5).

#### *2.8. Functions of Music Listening*

From the original five factors in Greb et al. (2018) [10], four factors were of interest for the current study from which items were chosen that did not show cross-loadings on other factors in the original study. One item described if music is used for 'intellectual stimulation' (all others had cross-loadings). The factor 'mind wandering/emotional involvement' (six items) included items on music triggering imagination, emotions, and goosebumps, and creating a situation to understand, forget, or remember situations. The factor 'motor synchronization/enhanced well-being' (six items) consisted of how music triggers movement, enhances the mood, and enables listeners to feel fit, blow off steam, and sing along. The last factor 'killing time/overcoming loneliness' (three items) consisted of dealing with boredom and loneliness, and in connection with that, having music playing in the background. Since the factor 'updating one's musical knowledge' showed overlap with the above Gold-MSI factor, it was left out. Items were evaluated on a 5-point Likert scale from does not apply (1) to fully applies (5).
