2.2.4. Need for Structure

The need for structure was measured with an 11-item Personal Need for Structure scale [42], which included items such as: "It upsets me to go into a situation without knowing what I can expect from it", "I'm not bothered by things that interrupt my daily routine (reverse scored)", "I enjoy having a clear and structured way of life", "I like to have a place for everything and everything in its place", "I find that a well-ordered life with regular hours makes my life tedious (reverse scored)", "I don't like situations that are uncertain", "I hate to change my plans at the last minute", "I hate to be with people who are unpredictable", "I find that a consistent routine enables me to enjoy life more", "I enjoy the exhilaration of being in unpredictable situations (reverse scored)", and "I become uncomfortable when the rules in a situation are not clear". These items were rated on a 6-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree; 6 = strongly agree). The responses were averaged across the 11 items, with higher scores indicating a higher need for structure. Cronbach's alpha in this study was 0.89.
