**5. Conclusions**

This study analyzed correlation of behavioral factors and diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Japan. Our findings suggested that curfews and remote working might not necessarily lead to sufficient reduction of the infection risk of the entire society, at least in Japanese society. Instead, appropriate preventive actions such as hand sanitizing and mask wearing are the first priorities. For long-term infection control, it is important to utilize efficient behavioral intervention. At the same time, it is important to avoid excessive interventions that are less effective, so that people can minimize the indirect harm and economic loss due to curfews and other restrictions.

**Supplementary Materials:** The following are available online at https://www.mdpi.com/article/ 10.3390/ijerph182212184/s1, Table S1: Contents of questionnaire; Table S2, Results of sensitivity analysis.

**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, S.O., M.S., S.H., and Y.S.; Methodology, S.O.; validation, M.S., S.H., K.D., and Y.S.; Formal analysis, S.O. and Y.S.; Investigation, S.O., M.S., S.H., K.D., and Y.S.; Data curation, Y.S.; Writing—original draft preparation, S.O.; Writing—review and editing, M.S., S.H., and Y.S.; Supervision, Y.S.; Project administration, S.O., M.S., S.H., K.D., and Y.S.; funding acquisition, S.O. and Y.S. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** The present study was funded by the RIETI, Japan and was supported by the Joint Usage/Research project of the International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Mishima Kaiun Memorial Foundation, and Tohoku University (No. 20-06).

**Institutional Review Board Statement:** This study was conducted with the approval of the ethics committee of Hiramatsu Memorial Hospital affiliated with Specified Jisoukai Medical Corporation (ID of approval: 20200925).

**Informed Consent Statement:** All individuals who participated in this study consented to their participation.

**Data Availability Statement:** Data was obtained by NTTCom Online Marketing Solutions Corporation and are not publicly available.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.
