3.1.2. In Vitro Studies

In vitro studies were carried out using primary endometriotic stromal cells (ESCs) collected and isolated from endometriotic lesions or cells from patients' eutopic endometrium endometriosis diagnosed by surgery and histological process. The disease stage was established according to the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM). Control group patients were confirmed with the absence of endometriosis; tissue cells from the peritoneal cavity were collected when operated due to other reasons. In these studies, patients were at least 3–6 months without hormonal or anti-inflammatory treatment. ESCs were treated in cell culture with the mediator under investigation, and the evaluation was carried out through several types of laboratory analysis [7,19,30,31,33–35]. Rasheed et al. analyzed in vitro halogenic stem cells by adding serum from patients diagnosed with endometriosis to evaluate cell differentiation and the expression of ANXA1 [37].
