*3.2. El Terreno*

This neighborhood was a small extramural nucleus disconnected from the city until 1932. Sponsored by the petite bourgeoisie of Palma, in the middle of the 19th century important construction activity began in the neighborhood with the aim of building residences for their enjoyment during the summer period. In 1910, El Terreno was fully constituted, and in the same year the first hotel (the Reina Victoria) was inaugurated. Although it continued to be a place of lax construction, with mostly single-family homes with gardens, in the following two decades the houses grew in height [60]. Some of them also began to be rented to foreign tourists, especially to the English. Therefore, since the mid-1920s, El Terreno ceased to be a summer home for the middle classes of Palma and became a hotel and residential zone [61].

From 1950, the tourist boom transformed and gave the current urban form to the neighborhood, since the residential function lost strength in benefit of that of tourism, and the construction of the promenade displaced the centrality of the district towards the coastal road. Finally, the increase in the value of the land meant that the old houses were replaced by apartment blocks and the first line of the promenade was flooded with high-rise buildings that contributed to the isolation of the original neighborhood [1].

Currently, the neighborhood is clearly segregated into two areas, a high zone and a low zone. Joan Miró Avenue, the main street of the neighborhood until the construction of the promenade, acts as an urban border. The high zone is characterized by steep narrow streets and combines single-family houses of the first stages of tourism (architecture of "villes") with other low quality plurifamiliar houses. The lower area, located between the promenade (Avenida Gabriel Roca) and Avenida Joan Miró, is a highly valued area. This low zone, in which many of the premises of nocturnal leisure are concentrated, is characterized by its tall buildings, creating a wall effect, specialized in the residential function or in the offer of high-quality tourism. In the middle, Joan Miró street is in deep decline. Small stores, alternative nightlife venues, and buildings with a degraded residential function characterize this central part of the neighborhood, a formerly recognized tourist center of the Mediterranean and foreseeably one of the future new gentrified areas of the city (Figure 3).

**Figure 3.** Aerial perspective and large urban areas of El Terreno. Source: Own elaboration from Google Earth (Lawrence, KS, USA) (2020).

#### **4. Results: Analysis of Recent Urban-Tourist and Demographic Dynamics**
