**7. Conclusions**

Pulsed light sanitation of grapes intended for use in winemaking production at the industrial scale may become a ffordable in the coming years. The e fficiency of the UV-C light fraction of PL in inactivating microorganisms, the possibility of reducing the use of SO2 to process and store musts, and the relatively low energy cost would make its deployment possible. Among the benefits observed in laboratory trials is the use of selected non-*Saccharomyces* strains from commercial traders to produce wines with enhanced organoleptic profiles in accordance with customers' demands and fulfilling quality control requirements.

One further challenge in the use of PL as non-thermal sanitation technology in the winemaking industry will be the design of systems able to process grape musts. The di fficulties in achieving this will be to deal with a product with variable viscosity and with inhomogeneous particle size distribution. The energy needed for non-transparent liquids with low transmittance capacity and the scale-up design are issues that still have to be addressed. In this matter, the use of PL treatment to avoid the establishment of spoilage yeas<sup>t</sup> during wine-making has to be evaluated with the use of special 1 mm width quartz cells. Additionally, further studies have to be performed in order to determine the impact that di fferent PL doses have on the antioxidant capacity and the phenolic content of wines, as well as the e ffect of the treatment on other phenolic volatile compounds responsible for the wine aroma.

**Author Contributions:** A.S. drafted the manuscript; C.E. drafted the manuscript; I.L. supported the drafting of the manuscript and revise the manuscript; J.M.d.F. revised and corrected the manuscript; C.G. corrected the language and revised the manuscript; and A.M. revised the manuscript. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** This research was funded by Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades gran<sup>t</sup> number [RTI2018-096626-B-I00].

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.
