**4. Conclusions**

The increasing demand for Amaryllidaceae crops is triggered not only by traditional culinary usage but also by cultural attitudes, social beliefs, modern interest in exotic and ethnic foods, and medicinal applications. However, secondary metabolites responsible for wide applications of crops in every area of human activity are synthesized by both plant and its endopytic microbiota. Indeed, endophytic fungi associated with this group of plants provide host plants with nutrients and water, alleviate biotic and abiotic stresses, increase stress tolerance, and affect metabolome profile. They are a source of metabolites of antifungal and antiparasitic activity and have a promising perspective in the application as effective biocontrol agents, replacing chemical fungicides and pesticides. Moreover, as the chemosynthesis of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids needs complicated and costly procedures, plants remain an exclusive source of these alkaloids for the pharmaceutical industry. Symbiotic endophytic fungi can be used to increase alkaloids yield in plants or as an alternative source of alkaloids and other bioactive compounds in vitro cultures. Taking into account the scant research on endophytic fungi associated with Amaryllidaceae as a prolific source of phytochemicals, the need has raised for screening investigations aimed to identify the endophytic species, as well as the molecular and genetic basis of their relationship with the host plants.
