*2.9. Kn-Ba Induced the Production of Highest Levels of all Evaluated Chemokines in THP-1 Macrophages*

The chemokine concentrations produced in response to the highest doses of BaV (15 μg/well) and Kn-Ba (1 μg/well) were compared. As depicted in Figure 6, the higher productions of the chemokines IP-10, MCP-1, RANTES, and IL-8 were detected in response to Kn-Ba.

**Figure 6.** *Cont*.

**Figure 6.** Comparison between chemokine productions induced by higher doses of BaV and Kn-Ba. THP-1 macrophages (2 <sup>×</sup> <sup>10</sup><sup>5</sup> cells/well) were treated with higher concentrations of BaV (15 <sup>μ</sup>g/well) and Kn-Ba (1 μg/well). Cells incubated only with culture medium were used as control. After 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h, the production of chemokines was evaluated in culture supernatant by CBA. (**a**) IP-10, (**b**) MCP-1, (**c**) RANTES and (**d**) IL-8. Results expressed as mean of duplicates ± SEM and analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-test (each period compared with respective control) or two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-test (comparison between different periods of treatment). (\*) Significant difference in relation to the respective control. (#) Significant difference between stimuli on each period. Symbols indicate differences between periods of treatment: (α) difference of 48 h or 72 h compared to 24 h; (β) difference from 72 h to 48 h. *p* < 0.001 (\*\*\*); and *p* < 0.0001 (\*\*\*\* and ####).
