*Article* **A Digital Twin Architecture Model Applied with MLOps Techniques to Improve Short-Term Energy Consumption Prediction †**

**Tiago Yukio Fujii 1, Victor Takashi Hayashi 1,\*, Reginaldo Arakaki 1, Wilson Vicente Ruggiero 1, Romeo Bulla, Jr. 1, Fabio Hirotsugu Hayashi <sup>2</sup> and Khalil Ahmad Khalil <sup>1</sup>**


**Abstract:** Using extensive databases and known algorithms to predict short-term energy consumption comprises most computational solutions based on artificial intelligence today. State-of-the-art approaches validate their prediction models in offline environments that disregard automation, quality monitoring, and retraining challenges present in online scenarios. The existing demand response initiatives lack personalization, thus not engaging consumers. Obtaining specific and valuable recommendations is difficult for most digital platforms due to their solution pattern: extensive database, specialized algorithms, and using profiles with similar aspects. The challenges and present personalization tactics have been researched by adopting a digital twin model. This study creates a different approach by adding structural topology to build a new category of recommendation platform using the digital twin model with real-time data collected by IoT sensors to improve machine learning methods. A residential study case with 31 IoT smart meter and smart plug devices with 19-month data (measurements performed each second) validated Digital Twin MLOps architecture for personalized demand response suggestions based on online short-term energy consumption prediction.

**Keywords:** MLOps; digital twin; IoT; machine learning; prediction
