*Article* **The Numerical Modelling Approach with a Random Distribution of Mechanical Properties for a Mismatched Weld**

**Luka Starˇceviˇc, Nenad Gubeljak \* and Jožef Predan**

Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; luka.starcevic@student.um.si (L.S.); jozef.predan@um.si (J.P.)

**\*** Correspondence: nenad.gubeljak@um.si

**Abstract:** The aim of this work was to include a local variation in material properties to simulate the fracture behaviour in a multi-pass mis-matched X-weld joint. The base material was welded with an over and under-match strength material. The local variation was represented in a finite element model with five material groups in the weld and three layers in the heat-affected zone. The groups were assigned randomly to the elements within a region. A three-point single edge notch bending (SENB) fracture mechanics specimen was analysed for two different configurations where either the initial crack is in the over or under-matched material side to simulate experimentally obtained results. The used modelling approach shows comparable crack propagation and stiffness behaviour, as well as the expected, scatter and instabilities of measured fracture behaviour in inhomogeneous welds.

**Keywords:** weld metals; welded joints; damage mechanics; finite element analysis; crack growth; ductile fracture
